Vascular inflammation based on the development of atherotrombotic stroke

Authors:
A.V. ROMANENKO, I.P. AMELINA, E.Yu. SOLOVYEVA

FGAOU in Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov »Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia

Place of publication:
S.S. KORSAKOV JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY, 2021, Vol. 121, No. 8, Issue 2

Abstract:
Atherothrombotic stroke is one of the most common subtypes of ischemic cerebrovascular accident, caused by atherosclerosis of large cerebral arteries or their branches. Recent studies have shown that the atherosclerotic process is underpinned by inflammatory changes in the vascular wall, leading to the initiation of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and the redistribution of various protein components within the blood-brain barrier. Ultimately, the progression of these conditions leads to the manifestation of clinical symptoms and the development of an acute vascular event. Understanding the molecular components underlying functional impairment and damage to cerebral vessels provides the key to modern therapeutic strategies, forming the foundation for adequate, pathogenetically justified drug therapy. In these patients, treatment should be aimed at normalizing cerebral and central hemodynamics and taking into account the mechanisms of neuroplasticity. Mexidol (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate) can be considered as one of the pathogenetically substantiated agents in complex drug therapy for cerebral ischemia. Key words: ischemic stroke, atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate.