Features of patients with traumatic brain injury

Authors:
M.L. CHUKHLOVINA¹, A.A. CHUKHLOVIN²

¹Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Russian Ministry of Health, Saint Petersburg, Russia;
²Russian Neurosurgical Research Institute named after prof. A.L. Polenov — branch of the Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Russian Ministry of Health, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Place of publication:
S.S. KORSAKOV JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY 2021, Vol. 121, No. 9

Abstract:
This review analyzes the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) from a neurologist's perspective. The mechanisms of CNS damage, including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, in individuals with TBI are discussed, as well as the relationship between clinical manifestations and injury severity. Particular attention is paid to the sequelae of TBI, such as structural drug-resistant epilepsy and post-traumatic stress disorder. Data are presented demonstrating that rehabilitation measures for TBI victims are complicated and less accessible during the COVID-19 pandemic. The need to include the antioxidant/antihypoxant Mexidol in complex TBI therapy is noted. In the context of COVID-19, the role of neurologists in providing care to TBI victims is increasing, especially at the outpatient stage, during therapy, and during medical rehabilitation. Key words:traumatic brain injury, oxidative stress, structural drug-resistant epilepsy, post-traumatic stress disorder, SARS-Cov-2 infection, Mexidol.