Biochemical and morphometric methods for evaluating cognitive disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author:

Samoilova Yu.G., Leiman O.P., Tonskoye O.S., Matveeva M.V., Kudlai D.A., Oleinik O.A., Zhukova N.G., Ratkin K.R., Fimushkina N.Yu.

Place of publication:

Cardiovascular therapy and prevention, 2020; 19 (4)

Objective. To study the characteristics of biochemical and morphometric parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and cognitive impairment (CI).

Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 72 patients with type 2 diabetes; the control group included 20 individuals with type 2 diabetes without cognitive impairment. The following measures were used: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, 1,5-anhydroglucitol level, continuous glucose monitoring, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.

Results. Data analysis revealed that patients with type 2 diabetes and CN had high glycated hemoglobin levels, but no statistically significant difference in 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels was found between the groups. Patients with CN showed decreased surface area of ​​gray and white matter, as well as subcortical structures—the hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, and putamen on both sides, and the amygdala and globus pallidus on the right. The severity of CN correlated with the degree of polyneuropathy. Patients with proliferative retinopathy showed decreased volume of the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens.

Conclusion. The study revealed that patients with type 2 diabetes and cognitive impairment have worse carbohydrate metabolism parameters; they also exhibited a decrease in cortical and subcortical brain structures. Key words: diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment, variability, morphometry.