The modern concept of cognitive reserve

Author:

Koberta N.N., Tabeeva G.R.

Place of publication:

NEUROLOGY. NEUROPSYCHIATRY. Psychosomatics, 2019

The main forms of cognitive disorders (KN) are characterized by significant variability of the connection of morphological changes and clinical manifestations. One of the promising concepts explaining these features is the modern model of the cognitive reserve. The concept of a cognitive reserve, most widely used in the context of dementia, is often used to explain the mechanisms of the stability of the functional systems of the brain to the development of neuropathological changes. The mechanisms that ensure the functioning of the cognitive reserve are normal and during the pathology of the brain are the activation of neuronal relationships of the brain. Therefore, persons with a higher efficiency of neuronal connections and the ability to form alternative neuronal networks and, accordingly, the formation of cognitive strategies in response to an increase in cognitive load are characterized by a higher level of cognitive reserve. The modern concept of a cognitive reserve opens the prospects for explaining the causes and mechanisms of the development of KN, and also justifies the possibilities of using alternative strategies for their correction.

Key words: cognitive reserve; brain reserve; Alzheimer's disease; Dementia.