Biomarkers of vascular cognitive dysfunction

Authors:

Zimnitskaya O.V., Mozheiko E.Yu., Petrova M.M.
FSBEI in “Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky” of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Currently, there is no approved list of biomarkers for the diagnosis of vascular cognitive dysfunction. The main problem for a practitioner doctor when identifying cognitive disorders in patients is differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, vascular cognitive dysfunction and other types of cognitive impairment, which are much less common. Vascular cognitive dysfunction includes post-industry dementia, cognitive dysfunction for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Without determining the etiology of the disease, it is impossible to prescribe adequate treatment. Another problem is the identification of cognitive disorders before the development of dementia. A review of literature is devoted to the search and critical analysis of candidates for biomarkers of vascular cognitive dysfunction and the establishment of markers of moderate cognitive dysfunction. The search for articles was carried out in the databases of Web of Science and Pubmed. A list of liquor, plasma, serum and genetic biomarkers was compiled, which allowing differential diagnosis between vascular dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease, and markers of moderate cognitive dysfunction, which make it possible to identify cognitive impairment at the subordinate stage. Keywords: vascular dementia, moderate cognitive dysfunction, homocysteine, cerebral nodtriuretic peptide, ghrelin, protein S100β.