The dynamics of electroenzelographic and psychophysiological indicators in acute poisoning by neurotoxicants at the rehabilitation stage against the background of various treatment methods

Authors:

BADALYAN A.V., BEREZINA I.Yu., GOLDFARB Yu.S., SUMSKY L.I.

Place of publication:

Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 2, 2017

The aim of the study wasto evaluate the dynamics of the functional activity of brain structures that support cognitive functions in patients with encephalopathy due to acute poisoning with neurotoxic substances during the rehabilitation stage.

Material and methods. A total of 56 patients were examined. The main group consisted of 40 patients treated with intravenous mexidol drip (10 patients), a combination of mexidol with non-drug treatment methods such as mesodiencephalic modulation (MDM) (10 patients), hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) (10 patients), and a combination of MDM and HBO (10 patients). The comparison group consisted of 16 people. All patients underwent EEG recording, auditory evoked (event-related) potentials (ERP), and neuropsychological testing. Results and conclusion. EEG changes were noted in all examined patients and were highly pronounced, with a predominance of signs of impaired functional activity of
the diencephalic or mesodiencephalic formations. After treatment, positive dynamics were observed in 60% of cases in the main group. In 80% of cases, positive dynamics were observed with the use of a combination of Mexidol, MDM, and HBO. Negative dynamics in the main group was noted in 5 cases (12.5%), and it was more often detected when Mexidol was used alone during treatment. The results of the initial neuropsychological study showed that cognitive impairment of varying severity was detected in 97.5% of cases in the main group and in 100% of patients in the comparison group. After treatment, neuropsychological test scores improved in 62.5% of patients in the main group, with a reduction in the latency period of the N200 and P300 components and an increase in the amplitude of evoked potentials. Thus, the use of Mexidol, HBO, and MDM in the treatment of patients with encephalopathy due to acute poisoning with various neurotoxicants during the rehabilitation stage leads to an improvement in indicators reflecting the functional state of the brain as a whole and the state of cognitive functions.

Key words: encephalopathy, acute poisoning with neurotoxicants, electroencephalography, auditory event-related potential (P300), psychophysiological testing, mexidol, mesodiencephalic modulation, hyperbaric oxygenation.